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An international review of the prevalence of gambling and homelessness

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Author(s): Vandenberg, Brian ; Livingstone, Charles ; Carter, Adrian ; O'Brien, Kerry

Journal: Addictive Behaviors

Year Published: 2021

Date Added: January 21, 2022

This article reviewed 45 studies on the co-occurrence of gambling and homelessness from 12 different countries. These studies show that people who experience homelessness are less likely to gamble than the general population. However, they are more likely to gamble in harmful ways. Also, people who seek help for gambling are more likely to have experienced homelessness than the general population. So, gambling harm and homelessness often co-occur. However, the authors noted that many studies did not use consistent measures for gambling or homelessness. This makes it difficult to compare results across studies and to accurately estimate the prevalence of harmful gambling in persons experiencing homelessness.


Citation: Vandenberg, B., Livingstone, C., Carter, A., & O’Brien, K. (2021). Gambling and homelessness: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence. Addictive Behaviors, 125, 107151 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107151

Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107151

Keywords: gambling ; harmful gambling ; homelessness ; meta-analysis ; prevalence ; systematic review ; vulnerable groups

Topics: Homelessness ; Priority Populations

Conceptual Framework Factors:   Environment - Social and Economic Impacts ; Social - Social Demographics ; Gambling Environment

Study Design: Systematic Review

Study Funding:

This study was funded by the Victorian Responsible Gambling Foundation (VRGF).

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    • Safer Gambling Evaluation Evidence Hub
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