Impulsivity is the tendency to act without thinking about the negative consequences. Impulsivity can be divided into impulsive action and impulsive choice. Impulsivity is a risk factor in the development of addiction. Impulsivity can also increase the risk of relapse. In this article, the researchers identified and reviewed studies that examined computerized cognitive training (CCT), cognitive remediation (CR), and cognitive enhancers (CE) in improving impulsivity for substance use and gambling disorders. A total of 23 studies were included. No studies were identified for gambling disorder. Sixteen studies provided enough data for statistical analysis. CCT and CE were not effective in improving impulsive choice or impulsive action. CR in the form of goal management training did not improve impulsive action, but was associated with improvement for impulsive choice. CR may be an effective treatment for substance use disorders.
