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Coping strategies and transition to civilian life as predictors of gambling harm in UK Armed Forces veterans

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Author(s): Ekenna, Adanma ; Dekel, Dana ; Engward, Hilary ; Godier-MacBard, Lauren ; Kay, Christopher ; Kersey, Thomas ; Fossey, Matt ; Dymond, Simon

Journal: Journal of Gambling Studies

Year Published: 2025

Date Added: January 22, 2026

Gambling is a common recreational activity. However, some people experience problem gambling (PG) and face significant harms. One group that is at higher risk of PG is veterans. The transition from military to civilian life is associated with increased stressors and changes, which may make veterans vulnerable to PG. The researchers surveyed UK Armed Forces veterans to explore the association of coping strategies, loneliness, and transition to civilian life with PG. A total of 414 veterans completed the survey. Over half of the veterans (54.6%) gambled in the past year, and 3.1% experienced PG. Many veterans reported PTSD symptoms, loneliness, and other mental health issues such as depression and anxiety. Difficulty adapting to civilian job training, coping through self-blame, and substance use were linked with more severe gambling problems, whereas use of informational support protected against PG.


Citation: Ekenna, A., Dekel, D., Engward, H., Godier-MacBard, L., Kay, C., Kersey, T., Fossey, M., & Dymond, S. (2025). Coping, civilian transition, and gambling harm severity in UK Armed Forces veterans. Journal of Gambling Studies. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10899-025-10451-6

Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10899-025-10451-6

Keywords: coping strategies ; primary care ; problem gambling ; veterans

Topics: Priority Populations ; Veterans

Conceptual Framework Factors:   Psychological Factors ; Psychological - Coping Styles ; Social - Social Demographics ; Social Factors

Study Design: Descriptive: Survey

Geographic Coverage: United Kingdom

Study Population: Military veterans in the UK (n = 414).

Sampling Procedure: Participants were recruited through social media, emails, and flyers distributed among national veterans’ charities and support organizations in 2024.

Study Funding:

Funding for this study was provided by the Gambling Commission’s Social Responsibility Fund.

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    • Funding Opportunities
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    • Impact Evaluation
    • Project Consulting
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    • Safer Gambling Evaluation Evidence Hub
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