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Exploring how being an affected other is related to experiencing various harms due to another person’s gambling

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Author(s): Hautamäki, Sari ; Savolainen, Iina ; Kauppila, Emmi ; Vuorinen, Ilkka ; Hagfors, Heli ; Oksanen, Atte

Journal: Addictive Behaviors

Year Published: 2025

Date Added: October 14, 2025

One person’s gambling problems can affect other people they are close with, like their immediate family members and friends. In this study, the researchers looked at whether being an affected other is related to experiencing various harms. The researchers collected data from Finnish adults between Spring 2021 and Fall 2024. Participants indicated whether someone close to them had ever experienced gambling problems and what their relationship to this person was. They also answered questions about their own mental health, gambling problems, and alcohol use.

Being an affected other to a person with gambling problems was not related to psychological distress or problematic alcohol use. However, having a parent, grandparent, sibling, or close friend with gambling problems was related to a higher likelihood that participants themselves had gambling problems. Over a 1-year period, having a close family member with gambling problems was related to a lower likelihood that participants themselves had problems with gambling. The findings suggest that having a close family member or friend with gambling problems can influence one’s own gambling behaviour.


Citation: Hautamäki, S., Savolainen, I., Kauppila, E., Vuorinen, I., Hagfors, H., & Oksanen, A. (2025). Does being close to someone with gambling problems predict harm? An eight-wave longitudinal study. Addictive Behaviors, 170, 108416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2025.108416

Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2025.108416

Keywords: affected others ; gambling harm ; problem gambling ; problematic drinking ; psychological distress

Conceptual Framework Factors:   Social - Family and Peer Gambling Involvement ; Social Factors

Study Design: Observational: Cohort

Geographic Coverage: Finland

Study Population: People between 18 and 75 years old who were living in mainland Finland and spoke Finnish (n = 1530).

Sampling Procedure: The researchers used longitudinal survey data collected the Gambling in the Digital Age - project in Finland. Participants were recruited through Norstat, a data collection company.

Study Funding:

This study was funded by The Finnish Foundation for Alcohol Studies.

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