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Exploring zoned-in or zoned-out immersion during slot machine gambling

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Author(s): Murch, W. Spencer ; Limbrick-Oldfield, Eve H. ; Ferrari, Mario A. ; MacDonald, Kent I. ; Fooken, Jolande ; Cherkasova, Mariya V. ; Spering, Miriam ; Clark, Luke

Journal: Addiction

Year Published: 2020

Date Added: May 01, 2020

This research examined gambling immersion in people who used slot machines. It used eye movement tracking to explore if immersion was more characteristic of ‘zoning in’ or ‘zoning out’. The researchers recruited 53 adults who gambled on slot machines. Results showed that immersed participants had more severe gambling problems and higher illusions of control. They spent relatively more time looking at the device’s credit display (which showed financial information), and less time on the reels which were more visually stimulating. Immersed participants were also more thorough in inspecting different parts of the device screen. This study concluded that slot machine gambling immersion was more consistent with the ‘zoned in’ explanation.


Citation: Murch, W. S., Limbrick-Oldfield, E. H., Ferrari, M. A., MacDonald, K. I., Fooken, J., Cherkasova, M. V., Spering, M., & Clark, L. (2020). Zoned in or zoned out? Investigating immersion in slot machine gambling using mobile eye-tracking. Addiction, 115(6), 1127-1138. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.14899

Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/add.14899

Keywords: dark flow ; Electronic Gambling Machines (EGMs) ; eye tracking ; gambling

Topics: Game Types ; Information for Operators ; Slots and VLTs

Conceptual Framework Factors:   Gambling Types ; Types - Structural Characteristics

Response Rate: 21.6% (53 in the study divided by 245 who were originally responded to the ad)

Study Design: Experimental: NRCT (non-randomized controlled trial)

Geographic Coverage: Canada, British Columbia

Study Population: Adults who play on slot machines, aged 19 and older (N = 53, 32 males, 21 females). Those with severe problem gambling (scoring 8 or higher on the PGSI) were excluded.

Sampling Procedure: The researchers used convenience sample procedure to recruit participants from craigslist.ca.

Study Funding:

This study was partially funded by the Centre for Gambling Research at UBC, which is funded by the Province of British Columbia and the British Columbia Lottery Corporation (BCLC).

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