Monetization systems are increasingly common in video games. In this review, the researchers developed a classification framework for understanding the types of monetization strategies used in video games. This framework focuses on the psychological factors embedded in these systems to influence player behaviour.
The authors identified four categories of monetization strategies in video games: traditional sales, microtransactions, gamblification, and in-game advertising. Similar psychological factors are shared across these monetization strategies, such as cognitive biases (e.g., fear of missing out), reward and reinforcement processes, and design features to increase engagement. Most games include multiple monetization strategies, whose interaction may increase risk for harm (e.g., overspending) and problematic gaming or problem gambling. This review can inform researchers, policy makers, and consumer protection organizations.
