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Gambling-related stressful life events among adults with problem gambling despite relatively privileged socioeconomic status

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Author(s): Zamwel, Einat ; Vana, Noa ; Kraus, Shane W.

Journal: Journal of Gambling Studies

Year Published: 2025

Date Added: February 20, 2026

This study examined how men and women described stressful life events (SLEs) that stemmed from their problem gambling. Open-ended responses from 218 U.S. adults who reported gambling-related SLEs were analyzed. Most participants were women (67%) and had never sought treatment or support for their problem gambling (58%). The majority identified as white (74%) and described their socioeconomic status as average or above average (68%). The researchers identified eight categories of SLEs: material loss, living hand to mouth, co-occurring mental health issues, relationship distress, guilt, being a victim of a crime, being a perpetrator of a crime, and red flag. The researchers raised the notion of ‘translucent voices’, which refers to people who are relatively privileged in their socioeconomic status or have high levels of social functioning but health systems are often untuned to their suffering.


Citation: Zamwel, E., Vana, N., & Kraus, S. W. (2025). Gambling-related stressful life events: A content analysis illuminating translucent voices in a community sample with past-year problem gambling. Journal of Gambling Studies. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10899-025-10460-5

Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10899-025-10460-5

Keywords: crime ; distress ; gambling harm ; guilt ; life stress ; mental health ; socioeconomic status ; stress

Topics: Comorbidities ; Crime and Deviance ; Priority Populations ; Socioeconomic Status

Conceptual Framework Factors:   Environment - Social and Economic Impacts ; Psychological Factors ; Psychological - Coping Styles ; Social - Social Demographics ; Gambling Environment ; Social - Deviance ; Psychological - Subjective Well-Being

Study Design: Qualitative: Content Analysis

Geographic Coverage: United States of America

Study Population: Adults (18+ years) living in the United States who experienced gambling-related stressful life events and scored higher than 8 on the PGSI (n = 218)

Sampling Procedure: The sample was recruited through online panel invitations, social media advertisements, and outreach through the University of Nevada, Las Vegas and other gambling-related organizations. This study analyzed qualitative responses from 218 participants who experienced gambling-related stressful life events and provided sufficient descriptions of these events for qualitative analysis.

Study Funding:

This study was funded by a grant from the Kindbridge Research Institute.

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