Modeling the relationship between gambling years of experience, frequency of casino visits, and budget per casino visit in Macao

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Author(s): Chan, Victor K. Y. ; Zeng, Zhonglu ; Wang, Xing

Journal: International Gambling Studies

Year Published: 2023

Date Added: July 25, 2023

This study examined the relationship between gambling engagement and years of gambling experience. The survey data were collected both online and offline in Macao, China, between 2018 and 2019. Respondents had to be at least 21 years of age and had gambled at a casino in the last 12 months. A total of 687 responses were collected and analyzed. The researchers found that a quadratic model best helped to explain the relationship between years of gambling experience and frequency of casino visits. The respondents’ likelihood of visiting casinos daily increased over time until they had about 13 years of gambling experience. After this point, their casino frequency declined. A quadratic model also helped to explain the relationship between years of experience and budget per casino visit. The likelihood of people gambling unrestrainedly (i.e., having a gambling budget greater than the first quartile of all respondents regardless of years of experience) increased until they had 22 years of gambling experience. After this, they decreased how much they budgeted per casino visit. The odds of having a gambling budget greater than the second quartile increased until the respondents reached 22.4 years of gambling. After this point, they decreased their budget per casino visit.

Citation: Chan, V. K. Y., Zeng, Z., & Wang, X. (2023). Modeling the non-linear relationship between gambling engagement and years of gambling experience: Integrating the exposure and adaptation hypotheses. International Gambling Studies. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/14459795.2023.2206462

Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14459795.2023.2206462

Keywords: adaptation ; exposure ; gambling experiences

Conceptual Framework Factors: Exposure - Adaptation ; Environment - Social and Economic Impacts ; Gambling Environment ; Gambling Exposure

Study Design: Descriptive: Survey

Geographic Coverage: Macao, China

Study Population: Residents of Macao who were at least 21 years of age and had gambled at any casino in the last 12 months (n = 687).

Sampling Procedure: The sample was collected through a survey that was administered both online and offline. The offline survey was conducted in at local retail markets, bus stops, or similar. Potential respondents were approached by trained field investigators. The link to the online survey was sent to trainees at Macau Gaming Teaching and Research Center and undergraduate students studying at the Center while working in casinos. The link was also sent to the WeChat groups of casino junket operators and members of a casino trade union.

Study Funding:

This study was funded by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China and a grant from the Science and Technology Development Fund of Macao.