Homelessness

Overview

Problem gamblers can be at an increased risk of becoming homeless because of job or financial loss as a result of their gambling activities. This could lead to missed house or rental payments, and in turn, homelessness. In addition, some problem gamblers may have been rejected by family and friends who are unsupportive of their gambling activities. Social support can be a protective factor against gambling, as the erosion of this support may make problem gamblers even more vulnerable to homelessness. Finally, problem gamblers often have other comorbid health conditions, such as psychiatric disorders and substance abuse, which also increase the risk of homelessness. Individuals who are homeless are also at risk for developing problem gambling because the chance of winning is appealing, and appears to be a solution to their problems. Venues also provide a warm, dry, and safe environment. The social benefits of gambling may also be important to an individual who is homeless. 

Key Points

Although there seems to be an association between gambling and homelessness, the nature of the relationship is complex. Specifically, one cannot say that gambling causes homelessness, or homelessness causes gambling. 

For a more detailed overview, see our white paper: Problem Gambling and Poverty.

Search the Evidence Centre for Homelessness

References

Nower, L., Eyrich-Garg, K. M., Pollio, D. E., & North, C. S. (2015). Problem gambling and homelessness: Results from an epidemiologic study. Journal of Gambling Studies, 31(2), 533-545.

Rogers, N., Button, E., & Hume, A. (2005). Safe as houses: An exploration of the link between gambling and homelessness. Adelaide: Department for Families and Communities.

Gattis, M. N., & Cunningham-Williams, R. M. (2011). Housing Stability and Problem Gambling: Is There a Relationship? Journal of Social Service Research, 37(5), 490-499.